Radiator



Dec. 28, 1926.

N. DIAMANT RADIATOR f Filed Deo. 3. 1923 l Inl/enfer Ficha/as Daman His anney Patented Dec. 28,1926.

:UNITED STATES APATENT lortica.-

NICHOLAS DIAMANT; 0F JAMESTOWN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO JAMESTOWN CAB PARTS MFG, C0., INC., OF JAMESTOWN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

' RADIATOR.

application inea December a, i923. seriai no. 678,107.

.This invention relates to an improvement in radiatorsor coolers, and more particularly to radiators of the ribbon type commonly used in automobiles, trucks, tractors or other automotive vehicles for cooling the engine therein, which-'radiators are provided with vertical lwater conduits and horizontal air' conduits,l the air which passes through the latter acting to cool the water in the former.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a radiator of this type in which the various elements affecting and influencing the exchange of heat between the air and the water are so vmanipulated and arranged that the cooling capacity per unit surface *of the radiator is greatly increased while the cost of manufacturing and assembling thediierent units is reduced, whereby it is possible to producea smaller radiatorhaving the same cooling capacity as a larger radiator of the type now known `and used.

Another object of this invention is to provide in a radiator of this type a water conduit which permits the circulation of the water through the radiator at high speed, and vat the same time creates turbulence in the flow of water or other cooling medium,

`and also in the flow for theair.

A further object -of this invention is to provide in a radiator of this type a core ation of the followingspecication and ofI the drawings which form a part thereof, and in which Fig. 1 is a transverse section of a portion of a radiator embodying this invention' taken along the line 1-1 of Fig. 2; 'I

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Y

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a portion of a radiator embodying thisinvention;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of one type of Wall strip that might be employed as one of the elements of this radiator; i

f, Fig. 5 is a similar view of one ofthe separator strips that might be employed; and

Fig. 6 is a section of a water conduit taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 2.. o

It is well known that the efficiency of a radiator of this type depends upon the speed of circulation and turbulence of the water the turbulence requires an expenditure of en ergy and the advantage resulting therefrom* will eventually be more than counteracted by the amount of energy expended.` `Amere increase in the Arate of'circulation only of the water is not in itself suicient to provide an efficient radiator, and it is essential that the -water be given la certain amount of turbulence.' l

Alsofor a given mass flow of air a certain amount of turbulence therein is essential for the greatest .eiciency of the radiator.y

Thus we are presented with the problem of providing air and water conduits having as igh a permeability or as low a resistance as possible, but at the same time having the proper amount of turbulence in both, so 'that the maximum capacity of heat exchange can be secured.

Referring tothe-drawings, the reference 'numeral 10 is -employed to designate one form of radiator core embodying this inven. tion. This radiator comprises pairs of vertical wall strips 11-12 forming vertical water conduits 13 and separator strips 14 suitprovide a plurality of horizontal air conduits 15. In the present instance, two sets of separator plates 14 are provided between each pair of water courses, and these strips are o lsuch formation that they provide three vertically arranged tiers of air conduits 15a, 15b and 15".`- 1 l 1.,;

The wall strips 11 and 12 are the same in construction and are. formed of corrugated metal vot a zigzag conformation having a series of parallel transverse equally spaced angles 16, extending from. one edge to the other. Midway between each pair of angles 16 are formed along each edge angular Oif-v o ably arranged between the water conduits to sets 17 facedfin the opposite' direction so that when the radiator core is viewed from 'either front or rear, it has a truezigzag appearance. (See Fig. 3.)

Between each airof angles 16v' and intermediate andin linement vwith theoisets 17- los . with the inclined sides 19 in surface contact,

as shown in Fig. 6. The offsets 17 and the spacers 18 determine the distance between the strips 11 4and 12 and the de ressed portions 20 of the strips between tfie offsets 17 and the spacers 18 are opposite the angles 16 to form the courses 2l, 22 in the conduit 13.

These intermediate supports 18 not only act to separate the water courses 21 and 22, but also act to prevent the wall strips from collapsing and interfering with the water flow, functioning by' reason of their interengagement, as shown in Fig. 6, to stiffen the core -and withstand any strains that might' be set up by weaving or impact. When a shallow core is used, the supports 18 may be omitted because the wall strips will be stiff enough for all practical purposes and because the provision of the supports will too much reduce the effective width of the water conduits. Hence while the supports 18 are set forth in the drawing, it will be understood that they may, where conditions permit, be omitted.

Since the portions 20 in the wall strips of each pair are in alternate horizontal planes, (see Fig. 1), the courses 21, 22 are sinuous and consequently turbulence will be set up. This, however, will reduceisomewhat the speed of circulation and'in order to overcome this reduction in speed due to the sinuous form of the water courses and at the same time to increase the turbulence ofthe water, equally spaced, rounded indentations 23 are formed in the depressed portions 20 of the wall strips. These indentations define in the courses 21, 22 a plurality of water passages 24. In the drawing four such passages are formed in each water course, in vertical alinemcnt but obviously the num her and arrangement can be varied as desired. For example, the turbulence may further be increased by arranging the indentations 23 in sinuous or alternate vertical rows instead of in alinement as shown in Fig. 4.

The indentations 23 preferably' have well defined edges 25 so that the passages 24 widen and narrow, and lconsequently set up further turbulence in the Water flow by the well known principle of expansion and contraction. Thus turbulence results from the irregular sinuous path of the water through the courses and the widening and narrowing ofthe passages 24, although the conduits 13 are sufficiently direct and the passages 24 are sufficiently large and numerous to reduce the resistance to the How of the water.

The separator strips 14 are preferably interchangeable and approximately of zigzag conformation. 26 (Figs. 3 and 5) along one side of each separator strip are provided with small or re-entrant bends 27' and the alternate transverse angles 28 along the other side are provided with similar small or reeentrant bends 29, the purpose of which will appear herein` below. On the flatportons between the an.- gles are formed indentations or bosses() some of which project in one direction while others project in the opposite direction. In the drawings the numerals 31 are employed to designate the bosses projecting toward the adjacent Wall strip and the numerals 32 to designate thebosses projecting toward the adjacent separator strip.

The separator strips are assembled as shown in Fig. 1, with the angles 16 of the wall strips nested in the small bends 27 of the separator strips and the alternate angles 28 of the separator strips nested in the alternate small bends 29. The wall and separator strips are thus firmly united throughout their transverse length and will resist positively any tendency of the core to weave or'shift in position.

Referring to Fig. 3 of the drawing, it will be noted that in every instance the adjacent The transverse angles strips join along contacting angles facing in the same direction.

Each separator strip and its adjacent wall strip form horizontal air conduits 151 and 15c while the adjacent separator strips form horizontal air conduits 15b. Since the adjoining portions of separator and wall strips are in each case closely nested into contact,` the heat of the water in th'e conduits13 will readily travel from each wall strip to its ad jacent separator strip and be dissipated by the air passing through the conduits 15.

The Arounded indentations 23 in the wall strips project into the conduits 15a and 15c and coact with the bosses 3l in the separator strips to interrupt the free passage of thc air therethrough and set up turbulence therein. The bosses 32 in the Vseparator strips similarly project into the air conduits l5" and set up turbulence in the air flowing therethrough.- The particular form and arrangement of the bosses 3() may be varied as desired but the form here shown has been determined by use to result in a peculiarly efficient radiator core and is consequently preferred.

While one embodiment of this invention has been shown and described, I am not to be limited thereto since it is obvious that others l claim as new and for which I 'desire pro tection by Letters Patent is:

l. A radiator including in combinaton a plurality of water conduits each composed of two wall strips of zigzag conformation, cach strip having on one face parallel transverse angles extending from one side to the other and on the other face at each side of the strip angular offsets equally spaced between said angles and facing in the opposite direction thereto and a plurality of horizontal air conduits each composed of separator strips of zigzag conformation and said wall strips, the face of said separator strips adjacent said wall strips having parallel transverse angles extending from one side to the other in whichvan les are formed return bends which receive t e angles of said wall strips.

2. A radiator including in combinaton au plurality of water conduits each composed of two wall strips of zigzag conformation, each having on one face parallel transverse an les extending from one side to the other an fon the other face at each side of the strip angu lar offsets equally spaced between said angles and facing in the opposite direction thereto, said strips being assembled with the offsets of one nested in the angles of the other and a plurality of horizontal air conduits each composed of separator strips of zigzag'` conformation and said wall strips, the face of said separator strips adjacent said wall stri s having parallel transverse angles ex- `2 ten lng from one side to the other in which angles are formed return bends which receive the angles of said wall strips.

3. A radiator including a plurality of. water conduits each composed of two wall strips of zigzag conformation the outer faces of each pair of strips having parallel transverse angles extending from one side to the other and rounded depressions arranged in vertical and horizontal rows to form uninterrupted channels to reduce the resistance to the flow of water due to the zigzag conformation of the strips and a plurality of air conduits formed adjacent each water conduit by a plurality of separator strips each separator Strip being in contact with the adjacent wall strip from one side to the other along the parallel transverse angles, said separator strips having bosses which project into said a1r conduits and increase the turbulence of the air passing therethrough.

4. A radiator including in combination a plurality of water conduits each composed of' two strips of zigzag conformation, each strip having on one face parallel transverse angles and on the other face angular offsets equally spaced between said angles and facing in the Vopposite direction thereto, and spacers intermediate said offsets, the portions of said strlps between said spacers and offsets being provided with rounded depressions arranged to form uninterrupted channels which reduce the4 resistance to the flow of. water thgou h the conduits.

plurality of water conduits ea'ch composed of two strips of zigzag conformation each havlng on one face parallel transverse angles and on the other face angular offsets equally spaced' between said angles and facing in the radiator including in combination a opposite direction thereto, and spacers inter-` mediate said osets, the portions ofv said strlps between said spacers and offsets being provided with rounded depressions arrangedv to form uninterrupted'channels which reduce the resistance to the flow ofwater throughi the conduits, and separator strips forming with said first named strips aplurallty of air conduits into which said depressions extend.

6. A radiator including in combination a plurality of water conduits each composed of 'twostrips of zigzag conformation each having on one face parallel transverse, angles and on the other face angular offsets equally spaced between said angles and facingin NICHOLAS DIAMANT. 

